Protect noncombatants
Shield civilians and other nonparticipants from violence.
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WORLD MORALS EDITION XXI
Reject torture
Do not intentionally inflict severe suffering for coercion or punishment.
Comparative atlas · Original English corpus · Evidence before conclusions
A mapping is not a verified quotation. Workbook labels are preserved. An absent mapping does not mean rejection. We do not rank the moral worth of any system.
- Religious systems
- 32/52
- Nonreligious systems
- 13/41
- Represented systems
- 45/93
- Specific anchors*
- 1/45
61.5%
31.7%
48.4%
2.2%
*Calculated from source labels beginning “Specific”; not a count of verified quotations.
Corpus definition
Do not intentionally inflict severe suffering for coercion or punishment.
This is the atlas’s definition, not a substitute for a tradition’s own interpretation. Scope, exceptions and translations require review of each source.
Preserved calculation difference
The original index differs from recomputed unique-system or specific-anchor counts. Both are retained; the source file is unchanged.
All Systems: source 94 · recomputed 93
Overall %: source 47.9 · recomputed 48.3871
Evidence, mapping by mapping
45 selected mappings
Anglican Christianity · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Church of England Commandments, Catechism, and Living Out Our Faith
Open original source ↗ www.churchofengland.org
Official framework-level anchor · Abrahamic
Verify the exact section and scope before quoting; framework-level mappings identify strong ethical analogues.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1454. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Aristotelian Virtue Ethics · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Nicomachean Ethics
Open original source ↗ classics.mit.edu
Tradition-level research anchor · Greco-Roman philosophy
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1455. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Assemblies of God Christianity · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Official doctrines and position papers
Official framework-level anchor · Abrahamic
Framework-level mappings identify a strong analogue; verify exact text and scope before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1456. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Bahá'í Faith · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Official Bahá'í teachings
Open original source ↗ www.bahai.org
Tradition-level research anchor · Abrahamic-derived / independent
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1457. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Brahma Kumaris Spiritual Ethics · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Official Brahma Kumaris values, peace, education, responsibility, and environmental materials
Open original source ↗ www.brahmakumaris.org
Official framework-level anchor · South Asian spiritual movement
Framework-level mapping: verify exact text, doctrinal or institutional authority, historical context, and scope before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1458. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Buddhism · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Five Precepts, Noble Eightfold Path and suttas
Open original source ↗ www.accesstoinsight.org
Tradition-level research anchor · Dharmic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1459. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Cao Dai Religious Ethics · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Cao Dai teachings on love, justice, moderation, universal kinship, and religious harmony
Open original source ↗ caodai.com.vn
Official framework-level anchor · Vietnamese syncretic religion
Framework-level mapping: verify exact doctrinal wording, translation, historical setting, institutional authority, and scope before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1460. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Catholic Christianity · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Catechism and official social teaching
Open original source ↗ www.vatican.va
Tradition-level research anchor · Abrahamic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1461. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Christianity - Biblical · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Old and New Testaments
Open original source ↗ www.biblegateway.com
Tradition-level research anchor · Abrahamic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1462. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Church of the Brethren Christianity · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Official beliefs, Annual Conference statements, and peacebuilding resources
Open original source ↗ www.brethren.org
Official framework-level anchor · Abrahamic / peace church
Framework-level mapping: verify exact article, doctrinal context, historical setting, and scope before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1463. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Confucianism · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Analects, Mencius and classical ethics
Open original source ↗ ctext.org
Tradition-level research anchor · East Asian
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1464. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Daoism · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Tao Te Ching and classical Daoist ethics
Open original source ↗ ctext.org
Tradition-level research anchor · East Asian
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1465. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Earth Charter Ethics · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Earth Charter principles of respect, ecological integrity, justice, democracy, nonviolence, and peace
Open original source ↗ earthcharter.org
Official framework-level anchor · Global ecological and social ethics
Framework-level mapping: verify the exact principle or article, affected community, legal status, and interpretive scope before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1466. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Eastern Orthodox Christianity · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Orthodox Church in America, The Orthodox Faith
Open original source ↗ www.oca.org
Tradition-level research anchor · Abrahamic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1467. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Hinduism · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Bhagavad Gita, Yoga Sutras and dharma traditions
Open original source ↗ www.gitasupersite.iitk.ac.in
Tradition-level research anchor · Dharmic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1468. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Humanists International - Modern Humanism · Official framework-level anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Amsterdam Declaration 2022 / Declaration of Modern Humanism
Open original source ↗ humanists.international
Official framework-level anchor · Modern nonreligious ethics
Framework-level mapping: verify exact wording, institutional status, historical context, and scope before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1469. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Indigenous Relational Ethics · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Reciprocity, kinship, land responsibility and community continuity
Open original source ↗ www.un.org
Tradition-level research anchor · Comparative indigenous ethics
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1470. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Islam · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Qur'an and major hadith collections
Open original source ↗ quran.com
Tradition-level research anchor · Abrahamic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1472. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
Jainism · Tradition-level research anchor
Reject torture · System profile
Workbook anchor (not a quotation)
Great vows, ahimsa and Jain canonical traditions
Open original source ↗ www.sacred-texts.com
Tradition-level research anchor · Dharmic
Comparative analogue only; verify exact wording, translation, school, denomination, historical context, scope, and exceptions before formal quotation.
Independent review pending. Edition XXI · Teaching Evidence · row 1473. Source publisher, date, translation and license have not been validated.
History and geography: source limits
This edition does not supply a historical genealogy or coordinates for this teaching. Transmission, invention, population and geographic presence are not inferred from a mapping.
Explore connections in the same category
Shared systems in the corpus, not evidence of historical influence.
Do not glorify cruelty
Avoid celebrating suffering, domination, or humiliation.
Avoid unnecessary violence
Do not use force when less harmful means are reasonably available.
Unmodified source statistics
| Primary Rank - Religious | 32 |
|---|---|
| Overall Rank | 29 |
| Nonreligious Rank | 58 |
| Religious Frequency Tier | 8 |
| Religions Sharing | 32 |
| Religious Systems | 52 |
| Religious % | 61.5 |
| Nonreligious Groups Sharing | 13 |
| Nonreligious Groups | 41 |
| Nonreligious % | 31.7 |
| All Systems Sharing | 45 |
| All Systems | 94 |
| Overall % | 47.9 |
| Direct Official Anchors | 1 |
| Direct Evidence % | 2.2 |
| Cross-Sphere Balance Index | 51.5 |
| Religious Adoption Gap | 29.8 |
Religion-weighted commonality